资料简介
湖北省荆州市2022年中考英语真题试卷一、单项选择。(共10分,每小题1分)1.—Isthegirlinaredskirtyoursister?—Yes._____favoritecolorisred.A.HerB.SheC.HisD.He【答案】A【知识点】代词辨析【解析】【分析】句意:——穿红裙子的女孩儿是你妹妹吗?——是的。她最喜欢的颜色是红色。A.Her,形容词性物主代词,她的,修饰名词;B.She,代词,她,做主语;C.His,形容词性物主代词,他的,修饰名词;D.He,他,代词,做主语;所填词修饰名词color,且thegirl是女的,因此用形容词性物主代词her,故选A。【点评】考查代词辨析。识记形容词性物主代词的用法。2.—How'sthe_____inyourcity?—Notverygood.Therearealwayslonglinesofcarsonroadsespeciallyonrainydays.A.foodB.weatherC.cultureD.traffic【答案】D【知识点】名词辨析【解析】【分析】句意:——在你的城市,交通怎么样?——不太好。尤其是在雨天,马路上总是有汽车排长队。A.food,名词,食物;B.weather,名词,天气;C.culture,名词,气候;D.traffic,名词,交通;根据“Therearealwayslonglinesofcarsonroadsespeciallyonrainydays.”可知在问交通状况,故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意根据语境选择恰当的名词。3.—Ialwaysfeel____whenspeakinginfrontofothers.—Takeiteasyandbebrave.A.gladB.nervousC.proudD.relaxed【答案】B【知识点】形容词辨析【解析】【分析】句意:——当在别人面前说话的时候,我总是感到紧张。——别紧张,勇敢点儿。A.glad,形容词,高兴的;B.nervous,形容词,紧张的;C.proud,形容词,骄傲的;D.relaxed,形容词,放松的;根据“Takeiteasyandbebrave.”可知此句要表达在人前说话紧张,nervous,形容词,紧张的,用在此处符合语境,故选B。【点评】考查形容词辨析。识记形容词nervous的用法。4.—Mike,Ican'tstopplayingcomputergames.—Foryoureyes,mydearfriend,I'mafraidyou____.A.couldB.mayC.wouldD.haveto【答案】D【知识点】情态动词【解析】【分析】句意:——Mike,我不能停止玩儿电脑游戏。——为了你的眼睛,我亲爱的朋友,我恐怕你不得不停止。A.could,能;B.may,可以;C.would,情态动词,会;D.haveto,不得不;根据“Foryoureyes,mydearfriend,I'mafraidyou...”可知此处要表达不得不停止,即havetostopplayingcomputergames,为避免重复,将stopplayingcomputergames省略,故选D。【点评】考查情态动词辨析。识记haveto的用法。5.—Whyareyoutakingabasketwithyouforshopping?—Thestoredoesn't____shoppingbagsforshopperstoprotecttheenvironment.A.lendB.countC.provideD.collect【答案】C【知识点】动词辨析【解析】【分析】句意:——为什么你带着一个篮子购物?——为保护环境,商店不为购物者提供购物袋。A.lend,动词,借;B.count,动词,数;C.provide,动词,提供;D.collect,动词,收集;根据“Whyareyoutakingabasketwithyouforshopping?”可知此处要表达提供的意思,provide,动词,提供,用在此处符合句意,故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。识记动词provide的用法。6.—DoesAnnworkinthebank?—No.____,sheisanEnglishteacher.A.RecentlyB.CarefullyC.ActuallyD.Hardly【答案】C【知识点】副词辨析【解析】【分析】句意:——Ann在银行工作吗?——不。事实上,她是一名英语老师。A.Recently,副词,最近地;B.Carefully,副词,关心地;C.Actually,副词,事实上;D.Hardly,副词,几乎不;根据“...,sheisanEnglishteacher.”可知此处要表达事实上,她是一名英语老师,故选C。【点评】考查副词辨析。识记副词actually的用法。7.—Iamworried____Icanenteragoodhighschoolornot.n—Workhardandtrustinyourself.A.whyB.whatC.whetherD.where【答案】C【知识点】if或whether引导【解析】【分析】——句意:我担心我能否进入一个好的高中。——努力学习,相信自己。A.why,为什么;B.what,什么;C.whether,是否;D.where,哪里;worried,形容词,担心的,焦虑的,固定搭配beworriedabout+宾语从句,担心...,根据“Iamworried...Icanenteragoodhighschoolornot.”可知此处要表达担心是否进入好的高中,whether,是否,用在此处符合句意,故选C。【点评】考查宾语从句。识记whether的用法。8.—Theoldman____allhismoneytothechildreninpoorareas.—Howkindheis!A.helpedoutB.gaveawayC.soldoutD.keptaway【答案】B【知识点】短语辨析【解析】【分析】句意:——老人把他所有的钱都捐给了贫困地区的孩子。——他是多么善良啊。A.helpedout,帮助解决问题,救出;B.gaveaway,捐赠;C.soldout,卖出;D.keptaway,不接近,避开,戒;根据“Howkindheis!”可知此处要表达捐赠的意思,故选B。【点评】考查短语辨析。识记giveaway的用法。9.—Couldyoupleasetellme____?—Youcanparkitintheparkinglot,acrossfromthestreet.A.whereIcanparkmycarB.whenIcanparkmycarC.howcanIgettotheparkinglotD.itisthewaytotheparkinglot【答案】A【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导【解析】【分析】句意:——你能告诉我在哪里停车吗?——你可以停在街对面的停车场。tell,动词,告诉,可用于“tellsb.+宾语从句”结构,其中宾语从句是陈述语序,根据“Youcanparkitintheparkinglot,acrossfromthestreet.”可知希望对方告知停车的地点,where,哪里,用在此处符合句意,故选A。【点评】考查宾语从句。注意根据语境判断宾语从句的连接词。10.—Let'sgotoMr.Yu'sspeechonChineseculture,shallwe?—____Wecangonexttime.A.Whynot?B.That'sallright.C.Nevermind.D.I'mafraidit'stoolate.【答案】D【知识点】情景交际【解析】【分析】句意:——让我们去听余先生关于中国文化的演讲,好吗?——我担心太晚了。我们能下次去。A.Whynot?为什么不呢?B.That'sallright.没关系;C.Nevermind,别介意,没关系;D.I'mafraidit'stoolate.我担心太晚了。根据“Wecangonexttime.”可知此处要表达去不了,选项D符合语境,故选D。【点评】考查情景交际。识记常用的交际用语。二、完形填空(共10分,每题1分)阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的A.B.C.D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onenightmanyyearsago,anangryvoicewokemeupfromsleep.Itwasmydrunken(喝醉的)father.Thosedays,hewouldalways11.homeverylate.Sometime,hewouldalsogoontofightwithmymom.MyearliestmemoryoftheseeventsbeganwhenIwasaroundfouryearsold,Iwasfilledwith12.atthattime.Therewerelotsof13.——crying,shouting,anddoorsslamming(砰地关上).Then,therewasa14.knockatthedoor.Myfatheropenedthedoor.Thereweretwotallmeninblue.Theywantedtocomeinsideto15.everyonewasokay.Inamoment,myfatherwastakenaway.Everythingbecamepeaceful.Myfathercamebackthenextday.Hebecameveryfriendlyand16.broughtmymomflowers.Iknewthatthesemeninbluehadtakenawaymyfear.Fromthatdayon,17.Iwantedtobewasapoliceman.Andmydreamhascometrue.Irealizedthatpoliceofficersnotonly18.thelittleboyinme,butmademeahelpfulperson.Once,mycolleague(同事)andIjumpedintoariverandgotadriver19.asinking(下沉的)car.Anotherday,wekickedopenthedoorintoahouse20.thefirespreadthroughthewholebuilding.Policeofficerswillalwaysbemyheroes,andIwillalwayslovemyjob.11.A.forgetB.leaveC.returnD.miss12.A.surpriseB.pleasureC.interestD.fear13.A.noisesB.recordsC.choicesD.results14.A.livelyB.wrongC.weakD.sudden15.A.worryaboutB.cheerupC.makesureD.dependon16.A.stillB.justC.evenD.almost17.A.allB.noneC.bothD.neither18.A.believedB.savedC.followedD.rememberedn19.A.asforB.outofC.ontoD.fromamong20.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.before【答案】11.C;12.D;13.A;14.D;15.C;16.C;17.A;18.B;19.B;20.D【知识点】故事阅读类;记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了童年里一次警察听到家中传来的噪音,闯进屋里查看我们一家是否安好,拯救了陷入父亲的恐惧中的我,让我励志成为一名警察,并且认识到要做一名对别人有帮助的人的故事。【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。11.句意:这些天,他总是回家很晚。A.forget,动词,忘记;B.leave,动词,离开;C.return,动词,规划;D.miss,动词,想念,错过;根据“Onenightmanyyearsago,anangryvoicewokemeupfromsleep.Itwasmydrunken(喝醉的)father.”可知父亲回家很晚,return,动词,返回,returnhomelate,回家很晚,故选C。12.句意:那时,我充满恐惧。A.surprise,名词,惊讶;B.pleasure,名词,高兴;C.interest,名词,兴趣;D.fear,名词,害怕,恐惧;根据“Sometime,hewouldalsogoontofightwithmymom.”可以判断出那时候我充满恐惧,fear,名词,恐惧,befilledwithfear,充满恐惧,用在此处符合语境,故选D。13.句意:有许多噪音。A.noises,名词,噪音;B.records,名词,记录;C.choices,名词,选择;D.results,名词,结果;根据“crying,shouting,anddoorsslamming(砰地关上).”可知有许多噪音,noise,名词,噪音,用在此处符合句意,故选A。14.句意:然后,突然在门上有敲门声A.lively,形容词,B.wrong,形容词,错误的;C.weak,形容词,虚弱的;D.sudden,形容词,突然的;根据“Therewerelotsof……——crying,shouting,anddoorsslamming(砰地关上).”可知是突然听到敲门,sudden,形容词,突然的,asuddenknock,突然的敲门,用在此处符合语境,故选D。15.句意:他们想进来看看大家是否安好。A.worryabout,担心,关心;B.cheerup,欢呼,振奋;C.makesure,确保;D.dependon,依靠,依赖;根据“Therewerelotsof……——crying,shouting,anddoorsslamming(砰地关上).”可知警察在听到噪音后想看看里面的人是否安好,makesure+句子,确保……,保证……,用在此处符合句意,故选C。16.句意:他变得非常友好,甚至给我妈妈带了花。A.still,副词,仍然;B.just,副词,刚刚;C.even,副词,甚至;D.almost,副词,几乎;“Hebecameveryfriendly”与“broughtmymomflowers”具有递进关系,even,副词,甚至,可以表示递进关系,用在此句中修饰动词brought,符合句意,故选C。17.句意:从那天起,我的梦想就是成为一名警察。A.all,代词,所有;B.none,代词,没有;C.both,代词,两者都;D.neither,代词,无一个,两者不;根据“Andmydreamhascometrue.”我的梦想实现了,可知“……Iwantedtobewasapoliceman”所有我想要成为的是一名警察,all,代词,所有,用在此处符合句意,故选A。18.句意:我意识到警察不仅拯救了我心中的小男孩,而且让我成为了一个乐于助人的人。A.believed,动词,相信,信任;B.saved,动词,拯救,节省;C.followed,动词,跟随;D.remembered,动词,记住;根据“Iknewthatthesemeninbluehadtakenawaymyfear.”我知道穿蓝衣服的人带走了我的恐惧,可知“……thelittleboyinme”要表达警察拯救了我心目中的小男孩儿,saved,动词,拯救,用在此处符合句意,故选B。19.句意:有一次,我和同事跳进一条河里,把一个司机从一辆正在下沉的汽车里救了出来。A.asfor,至于;B.outof,出来;C.onto,到……上;D.fromamong,从……中;根据“gotadriver……asinking(下沉的)car.”可知此句要表达把一个司机从正在下沉的车里就出来,outof,出来,outofasinkingcar,从下沉的车里出来,故选B。20.句意:还有一天,我们在火势蔓延到整栋楼之前,踢开了一栋房子的门。A.until,连词,直到;B.after,连词,在之后;C.since,连词,自从;D.before,连词,在之前;根据“Anotherday,wekickedopenthedoorintoahouse……thefirespreadthroughthewholebuilding.”可知这是一个复合句,所填词是连词,并且“我们撬开门闯入屋子里”发生在“火势蔓延到整座大楼”之前,因此用连词before连接,故选D。三、阅读选择。(共30分,每题2分)阅读理解Doyouknowhowtotakenotes?Herearesomeusefultips.★Don'twriteeverythingdown.Paymoreattentiontothemainpoints.★Youshouldwritekeywordsorveryshortsentences.★Youmayuseyourownwords,buttrynottochangethespeaker'smeaning.★Don'tworryaboutmissingsomethingduringthespeech.★Don'ttakenotesonpaperthatyoumighteasilylose.Keepyournotesinanotebook.★Readyournotesoften.Thiswillhelpyourememberthemlater.21.Whatshouldyouwritewhentakingnotes?A.Everythingyouhear.B.Somekeywords.C.Longsentences.D.Lessimportantpoints.22.Accordingtothepassage,itmightbebesttotakenoteson.A.piecesofpaperB.thetextbookC.anotebookD.yourdesk23.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttolearnfromyournotes?A.Readthemoften.B.Makethemlonger.C.Changethespeaker'smeaning.D.Spendlesstimeonthem.n【答案】21.B22.C23.A【知识点】教育类;记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了记笔记的方法。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题,解答此类题目需要从原文找答案。21.细节理解题。根据“Don'twriteeverythingdown.”可知不要写下所有内容,因此选项A错误;根据“Youshouldwritekeywordsorveryshortsentences.”可知要写关键词和短句子,因此选项B正确,选项C错误;根据“Paymoreattentiontothemainpoints.”可知要记主要内容,因此选项D错误;故选B。22.细节理解题。根据“Don'ttakenotesonpaperthatyoumighteasilylose.Keepyournotesinanotebook.”可知最好将笔记记到笔记本上,故选C。23.细节理解题。根据“Readyournotesoften.Thiswillhelpyourememberthemlater.”可知如果想要学习笔记,需要经常阅读,故选A。阅读理解Aswecanlearnfromthestoryinourtextbook,guidedogsarethe"eyes"ofblindpeople.Buthowcantheybesohelpful?Theanswerissimple.Guidedogspracticetobehelpful.Aspartofthetraining,guidedogspracticegettingtotheplacestheirownerswillneedtogo.Butbeforethis,guidedogsmustreceivetraininginmanyotherareas.Thisisbecauseguidingapersonsafelyismoreimportantthanjustknowingwheretogo.Supposeatreebranch(树枝)islyingontheroadinfrontofablindpersonandhisguidedog.Sincethepersoncannotseethebranch,it'suptothedogtolethimknowitisthere.Ifthebranchissmallthedogmayhelpguideitsowneraroundit.Ifitislarge,thedogwillstoptheperson.Thenheknowsthereissomethingintheway.Hewillworkwithhisdogtofindawaypastthebranch.Manypeoplethinkaguidedogtellsitsownerwhentheycancrosstheroad.Thisisnottrue.Instead,thedogusuallystopsitsownerwhentheyhavereachedtheendofaroad.Thentheblindpersonlistenstotheirsituationandconsidersifitissafetocrosstheroad.Ablindpersonandhisdogalwaysworkasateam.24.Aboutguidedogs,wecanknowfromthefirstparagraph.A.blindpeoplecan'taffordaguidedogB.notalldogscanbetrainedtobehelpfulC.dogsareborntobehelpfultoblindpeopleD.guidedogslearntobehelpfulthroughtraining25.Theunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2refersto"".A.theroadB.thetreebranchC.theblindpersonD.thedog26.Ifthereisalargebranchontheroadinfrontofitsowner,theguidedogwill.A.stopitsownerB.asksomeoneforhelpC.moveitwithitsownerD.guideitsowneraroundit27.Accordingtothepassage,whowilldecideifitissafeforablindpersontocrossaroad?A.Theblindpersonhimself.B.Hisguidedog.C.Bothheandhisguidedog.D.Apoliceofficer.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C【知识点】科普类;说明文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了导盲犬的工作原理。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题,解答此类题目,需要从原文寻找答案。24.细节理解题。根据“Guidedogspracticetobehelpful.Aspartofthetraining,guidedogspracticegettingtotheplacestheirownerswillneedtogo.”可知通过训练导盲犬学会助人,选项D正确,故选D。25.细节理解题。根据“Supposeatreebranch(树枝)islyingontheroadinfrontofablindpersonandhisguidedog.Sincethepersoncannotseethebranch,it'suptothedogtolethimknowitisthere.”可知假设一根树枝躺在路上,在一个盲人和他的导盲犬前面,由于盲人看不到树枝,由导盲犬让盲人知道树枝在那里,it指代atreebranch,故选B。26.细节理解题。根据“Ifitislarge,thedogwillstoptheperson.”可知如果树枝大,导盲犬会阻止他的主人,故选A。27.细节理解题。根据“Instead,thedogusuallystopsitsownerwhentheyhavereachedtheendofaroad.Thentheblindpersonlistenstotheirsituationandconsidersifitissafetocrosstheroad.Ablindpersonandhisdogalwaysworkasateam.”可知导盲犬通常会在主人走到路的尽头时停下来。然后,盲人听他们目前的情况,并考虑是否可以安全的过马路,盲人和他的导盲犬总是共同协作过马路,故选C。阅读理解Robotsmayseemsmart,buttheycannotevenpickupachesspiece.Let'stakealookatsometasksthatareeasyforkidsbutnotforrobots.PickthingsupnPickingthingsupisnoteasy.Ifwedropourpencilonthefloor,ourbrainsworkhard.First,wemustfindthepencil.Thenwemoveourhandstoit.Arobotcannotalwaysmoveits"hand"totherightplace.Whenwetouchthepencil,itmightroll(滚动)alittlebit.Robotscannoteasilyunderstandthiseither.So,ifyoudropapencilonthefloor,arobotwillprobablyrollitaroundtheroom.GetaroundinlargespaceIfsomeonedropsusinabuildingwe'veneverbeento,wemightfeelabitlost.Butwecanlookaround,findadoorandgetoutquickly.Butarobotwilllookeverywhereforadoor,evenonceilings(天花板)andfloors.Thisisbecauseit'shardforthemtounderstandspaces,especiallylarge,blankthingssuchaswallsorceilings.Understandtheworldmadebypeople"Commonsense"iswhatwedon'tneedtothinkortalkabout.Becauseofcommonsense,wedonotlookfordoorsontheceiling.Wepickupacoffeecupbyitshandle(把手).Wefeelwhetherithascoffeeinside,andwhetherit'shot.Arobot?Itmayturnthecupupsidedown.Itmayholdthehotpartofthecup.Scientistshavetriedteachingrobotscommon—senserules.Butevenhugedatabases(数据库)don'thelpmuch.Maybetheyneedmoretimetolearn.28.Whatmayhappenwhenarobottriestopickupapencil?A.Itmaybreakthepencil.B.Itmayrollthepencil.C.Itmaynotfindthepencil.D.Itmaywatchthepencilroll.29.Whatwillarobotdoinordertofindadoor?A.Digabigholeinthewall.B.Onlylookforlargeandblankthings.C.Searcheverywhereeventheceilings.D.Dropitselfinacornerinthebuilding.30.Whatcanwelearnaboutcommonsensefromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Robotscanteachthemselvescommonsense.B.Robotshavethesamecommonsenseashumans.C.Scientiststriedteachingrobotscommon—senserules.D.Hugedatabaseshelpmuchforrobotstolearncommonsense.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Robotsarenothelpfultohumansatall.B.Robotsaregoodatpickingupsmallthings.C.Itiseasyforrobotstounderstandlargespaces.D.Robotshavetroubleunderstandingourworld.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.D【知识点】科普类;记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一些对人而言轻而易举的动作,但对机器人而言却十分困难的动作。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息。28.细节理解题。根据“So,ifyoudropapencilonthefloor,arobotwillprobablyrollitaroundtheroom.”可知如果掉了一只铅笔在地板上,机器人可能会把它在房间里滚来滚去,故选B。29.细节理解题。根据“Butarobotwilllookeverywhereforadoor,evenonceilings(天花板)andfloors.”可知机器人会到处去寻找门,甚至在天花板和地板上,故选C。30.细节理解题。根据“Scientistshavetriedteachingrobotscommon—senserules.”可知科学家们试图教会机器人常识规则,因此选项C正确,故选C。31.推理判断题。根据“Butevenhugedatabases(数据库)don'thelpmuch.Maybetheyneedmoretimetolearn.”可知甚至强大的数据库帮助也不大,机器人或许需要更多时间去学习人类世界,由此推断机器人在理解我们的世界方面有问题,选项D正确,故选D。阅读理解WhenIwaswalkingbackhomeataround12:15p.m.oneday,anapplecore(果核)cameflyingtowardme.Itlandedjustbeforemyfeet.Surprised,butIfeltluckynottogethitbyit.Theapplewasthrownoverawallbyaschoolstudent.Iliveoppositeaschool.Thewallseparatesmyhousefromtheschool.Thinkingitwasaone—off(一次的)experience,Itoldmyfriends,andwelaughedaboutit.Then,aweeklater,Iwaswalkingalongexactlythesameplaceatthesametimeandbam!Anotherapplecorecameover.Thistimeitlandedontheroof(屋顶)ofahouse.Oh,myGod!Iwasnearlyhitbyit!LastweekIwasonmywayhome.Icheckedmyphone.Itwas12:15p.m.IthoughtaboutthosetwotimeswhenIhadseenapplecoresthrownoverthewall.Butsuddenly,anotherapplecorewasthrownoverwithspeed!Enoughwasenough.Someonecouldbereallyhurtbythesecores.Didthestudent(s)notrealizethatpeopleliveacrossthewall?Ordidtheynotcare?Itoldmyfriendaboutit."Youshouldjustthrowtheapplebackoverthewall.Thatwillteachthem,"myfriendsuggested.ButIdon'twanttoplaythat"game'".Astheysay,aneyeforaneyeleavesthewholeworldblind.nMaybeI'llcalltheschoolandletthemknow.Thestudentsneedtoknowthattheymighthurtsomeoneiftheykeepthrowingtheirwaste.What'smore,wastebelongsinthebin,notanywhereelse.32.Howdidthewriterfeelaftershesawthefirstthrownapplecore?A.Bored.B.Lucky.C.Embarrassed.D.Angry.33.Howmanytimesdidthewriterseeanapplecorethrownoverthewall?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.D.Fourtimes.34.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecanlearnthat_____.A.thewriterwillsetupacameraonthewallB.thewriterwillthrowtheapplebacknexttimeC.thewriterwashitintheeyebythethrownapplecoreD.thewriterwillnotfightbackbydoingthesamething35.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthestory?A.Somebodywasoncehurtbythrownwastethere.B.Theapplecoreswerethrownbythesamestudent.C.Thestudentscouldseeclearlywhenthewriterwaswalkingby.D.Theschoolmayfindoutabouttheproblemandmakenewrules.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.D【知识点】故事阅读类;记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了“我”三次被从校园里飞出的果核袭击,决定将这件事情告知学校。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息。32.细节理解题。根据“Surprised,butIfeltluckynottogethitbyit.”可知第一次作者感到没被击中很幸运,故选B。33.细节理解题。根据“oneday,anapplecore(果核)cameflyingtowardme.”“Then,aweeklater,Iwaswalkingalongexactlythesameplaceatthesametimeandbam!Anotherapplecorecameover.”“Icheckedmyphone.Itwas12:15p.m.IthoughtaboutthosetwotimeswhenIhadseenapplecoresthrownoverthewall.”可知作者一共被苹果核袭击了三次,故选C。34.推理判断题。根据“Itoldmyfriendaboutit."Youshouldjustthrowtheapplebackoverthewall.Thatwillteachthem,"myfriendsuggested.ButIdon'twanttoplaythat"game'".”可以推断出“aneyeforaneyeleavesthewholeworldblind.”的意思是作者不想用把果核扔回去这种方式教育他们,选项D表达的是这个意思,故选D。35.推理判断题。根据“MaybeI'llcalltheschoolandletthemknow.Thestudentsneedtoknowthattheymighthurtsomeoneiftheykeepthrowingtheirwaste.”可知作者会给学校打电话,让学校知道这件事情,并且学生们需要知道他们或许会伤害的其他人,由此推断出学校会查明真相,制定新的校规,选项D正确,故选D。四、阅读还原。(共10分,每题2分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。 36. .Aftereatingseveraldishes,IfoundmyselfsofullthatIcouldn'teatanymore. 37. Isuddenlyfeltlighterandenjoyedthetastycake.Butwait,whydoIalwayshaveroomfordessert? 38. What'syourfavoritefood?Andwouldyouliketoeatiteveryday?Imaginethatyoucouldeatyourfavoritefoodfortwodaysinarow.Soundsgood,doesn'tit?Now,let'shavethefoodforfivedays,andthentendays.Youmightgettiredorthisfood. 39. Dessertisusuallythelastdishserved.Afteryou'veeatenmanydifferentkindsoffoods,yougraduallybegintoloseinterestinthem.Atthispoint,adessertcomesinasadifferentkindoffood.Thenovelty(新颖性)makesyourbrainwanttotryitout. 40. Whenyoueatdessert,yourbraingivesoutdopamine(多巴胺).Thischemicalwillmakeyouwantmoresweetthings.Sothedopamine"creates"newspaceformoredessert.Ofcourse,becausedessertsaresodelicious,wemustbecarefulnottoovereat.Toomuchofanythingcanbebadforyourhealth!A.Toanswerthisquestion,let'sconsidertwootheronesfirst.B.Anotherreasonhasrelationtoaspecialchemical(化学物质).C.Lastweekend,ourfamilyateatarestaurant.D.Then,theicecreamcakecametothetable.E.Thesamegoesforanynormalmeal.【答案】36.C;37.D;38.A;39.E;40.B【知识点】任务型阅读;日常生活类;记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要分析了人们喜欢吃甜食的原因。A.要回答这个问题,让我们先考虑另外两个问题。B.另外一个原因与化学物质有关。C.上个周,我们家去饭店吃饭。nD.然后,冰激凌蛋糕上桌了。E.正常的一餐也是如此。【点评】考查任务型阅读。通读段落,了解段意,联系上下文推断所填句子在段落中的作用,结合选项作出选择。36.根据“Aftereatingseveraldishes,IfoundmyselfsofullthatIcouldn'teatanymore.”可以推断出所填句子与吃饭有关,结合选项,只有选项C“上个周,我们家在饭店吃饭”,交代了吃饭的时间、地点、人物,用在此处符合语境,故选C。37.根据“Isuddenlyfeltlighterandenjoyedthetastycake.”可知所填句子内容与甜品蛋糕有关,结合选项,选项D“然后,冰激凌蛋糕上桌了”,是关于甜品,故选D。38.根据上文“Butwait,whydoIalwayshaveroomfordessert?”可知横线所填句子要回答为什么有空间吃甜品这个问题,结合选项,选项A“要回答这个问题,让我们先考虑另外两个问题。”紧扣上文提出的问题,故选A。39.根据上文“Now,let'shavethefoodforfivedays,andthentendays.Youmightgettiredorthisfood.”吃这些东西五天,十天,你或许就会厌倦了,与下文“Dessertisusuallythelastdishserved.Afteryou'veeatenmanydifferentkindsoffoods,yougraduallybegintoloseinterestinthem.Atthispoint,adessertcomesinasadifferentkindoffood.”讲述的是用一个道理,因此所填句子是过渡句,要表达吃饭也是这样,结合选项,选项E“正常的一餐也是如此。”符合要求,故选E。40.根据“Whenyoueatdessert,yourbraingivesoutdopamine(多巴胺).Thischemicalwillmakeyouwantmoresweetthings.”当你吃甜点的时候,你的大脑会分泌出多巴胺,这种化学物质会让你想吃更多的甜食,这是解释吃饱后仍然有地方吃甜食的另外一个原因,所填句子起到过渡的作用,要表达另一个原因,结合选项,选项B“另外一个原因与化学物质有关”符合要求,故选B。五、短文填空。(共10分,每题1分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或根据括号内单词的正确形式填空(1-3个单词)或根据音标填词。AccordingtosomeoldChinesestories,thereoncewas 41. ancientemperornamedShennong.Atthattime,therewasnomedicinetotreatillnesses.Manysickpeoplecouldonlywaitfor 42. (die).Tosavehispeople,Shennongdecided 43. (find)andtestoutdifferentplants.Heandhismensetoutonajourneyinsearchofmedicinal(药用的)plants.Eachtimetheteamfoundanewplant,Shennongwouldtasteit 44. (he).Someplantsmadehimfeel 45. /sli:pi/,somecausedhimtohaveastomachache,andsomemadehimtremble(颤抖)allover. 46. Shennongsearchedandtestedoveralongtime,heandhismendiscoveredlotsofmedicinalplants.Astheycontinuedtheirsearch,theteamfoundaplant 47. smallyellowflowers.Shennongpickedoffonepiecefromtheplantinordertotasteit.Hesaid,"Itlookslikeamedicinalplant.Ihavetotestit,orsomepeoplemaymisuseit."Suddenly,Shennong'sfaceturnedpaleandhefellontheground 48. (heavy).Evenafterhe 49. (give)theleavesfromothermedicinalplants,hestilllosthislife.Peoplecoveredhimwith 50. (thousand)offlowers.Fromthenon,theycalledhim"theEmperorofMedicine".【答案】41.an;42.death;43.tofind;44.himself;45.sleepy;46.After;47.with;48.heavily;49.wasgiven;50.thousands【知识点】语法填空;故事阅读类;记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了神农为了寻找治病的药草,亲自尝试,最终失去生命的故事。【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文,了解大意,然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答,注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍,并逐一验证。41.句意:根据一些古老的中国传说,从前有一个古代皇帝叫神农。根据“AccordingtosomeoldChinesestories,thereoncewas……ancientemperornamedShennong.”可知此处要表达有一个叫神农的古代皇帝,所填词修饰单数名词emperor,表示同类中的一个,用不定冠词a或an,ancient是元音音标开头,因此用an,anancientemperor,一个古代皇帝,故填an。42.句意:许多生病的人只能等死。die,动词,死。根据“Manysickpeoplecouldonlywaitfor……”可知所填词做介词for的宾语,是名词词性,要表达等死,动词die的名词是death,waitfordeath,等死,故填death。43.句意:为了拯救他的人民,神农氏决定寻找并试验不同的植物。find,动词,寻找。decided是动词decide的过去式,意为决定,固定搭配decidetodosth.决定做某事,根据“Tosavehispeople,Shennongdecided……andtestoutdifferentplants.”可知此处要表达决定发现,即decidedtofind,故填tofind。44.句意:每次团队发现新植物,神农氏都会自己品尝。he,代词,他,做主语。根据“Someplantsmadehimfeel……,somecausedhimtohaveastomachache,andsomemadehimtremble(颤抖)allover.……Shennongsearchedandtestedoveralongtime,heandhismendiscoveredlotsofmedicinalplants.”可知此处要表达他自己品尝,himself,反身代词,他自己,tasteithimself,他自己品尝,故填himself。45.句意:一些植物使他感觉昏昏欲睡。sleepy,形容词,昏昏欲睡的,昏迷的;根据“Someplantsmadehimfeel……/sli:pi/,”可知此处要表达使他感到昏昏欲睡,即madehimfeelsleepy,故填sleepy。46.句意:经过长时间的搜索和试验,神农氏和他的手下发现了大量的药用植物。根据“……Shennongsearchedandtestedoveralongtime,heandhismendiscoveredlotsofmedicinalplants.”可知此句要表达在长时间的搜索和实验后,神农氏和他的手下发现了大量要用植物,所填词是连词,表示在......之后,after,连词,在……之后,用在此处符合语境,故填After。47.句意:当他们继续寻找时,小组发现了一种开着黄色小花的植物。根据“theteamfoundaplant……smallnyellowflowers.”可知“……smallyellowflowers”做后置定语,修饰名词plant,要表达“具有小黄花的植物”,所填词是介词,with,介词,具有,用在此处符合句意,故填with。48.句意:突然,神农的脸色苍白,重重地摔倒了地上。heavy,形容词,重的,根据“hefellontheground……”可知所填词修饰动词fell,表示摔的程度,需填副词,heavily,heavy的副词,重重地,故填heavily。49.句意:即使他被喂了其他药用植物的叶子,他还是失去了生命。give,动词,给,固定搭配givesb.sth.给某人某物,sb.begivensth.某人被给了某物,根据“Evenafterhe……theleavesfromothermedicinalplants”可知give在句中做谓语,动作发生在过去,句子用一般过去时态,根据“Suddenly,Shennong'sfaceturnedpaleandhefellontheground……”可知神农是被给了其他要用植物的叶子,主语he与give之间是动宾关系,句子用被动语态,综上,此处应用一般过去时态的被动语态,主语he是第三人称单数,谓语用wasgiven,故填wasgiven。50.句意:人们给他盖上了成千上万朵鲜花。thousand,名词,千,表示具体数字时,用基数词+thousand,表示具体的几千,thousand用单数形式,不表示具体数字,thousandsof,意为成千上万的……,根据“Peoplecoveredhimwith……offlowers.”可知此处thousand不与具体数字搭配,表示成千上万的,用thousandsof表示,故填thousands。六、完成句子。根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。(共10分,每小题2分)51.Look!Jack .Let'sjoinhim.瞧!杰克正在踢足球,我们也去吧。(play)【答案】isplayingsoccer【知识点】汉译英【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少“正在踢足球”。play,动词,玩儿,固定搭配playsoccer,踢足球。根据“Look!Jack…….Let'sjoinhim.”可知句子缺少谓语,表示正在进行的动作,用现在进行时态,构成为am/is/aredoingsth.,主语Jack是第三人称单数,因此谓语用isplayingsoccer,故填isplayingsoccer。【点评】考查汉译英。识记现在进行时态的用法。52.Mymomoften GrandmaWangwhensheisinhospital.王奶奶住院时,我妈妈经常照看她。(take)【答案】takescareof【知识点】汉译英【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少“照顾”。take,动词,承受,承担,固定搭配takecareof,照看、照顾。从句是一般现在时态,主句有时间特征词often,判断主句描述的是经常性、习惯性动作,句子用一般现在时态,主语mom是第三人称单数,谓语用单三takes,故填takescareof。【点评】考查汉译英。识记短语takecareof的用法。53.AnewYangtzeRiverBridge inJingzhou.荆州将建一座新的长江大桥。(build)【答案】willbebuilt【知识点】汉译英【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少“将建造”。build,动词,建造,在句中做谓语,与主语“AnewYangtzeRiverBridge”是动宾关系,因此句子用被动语态,根据句意可知句子用将来时态,因此此句需用一般将来时的被动语态,构成为willbedone,即willbebuilt,故填willbebuilt。【点评】考查汉译英。注意根据句意判断句子的时态。54.DuringCOVID-19,we'readvisedtogettogether .新冠肺炎疫情期间,劝告大家要尽可能少聚集。(as)【答案】aslittleaspossible【知识点】汉译英【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少“尽可能少”。little,形容词,少的;as...aspossible,尽可能……的;aslittleaspossible,尽可能少的,故填aslittleaspossible。【点评】考查汉译英。识记短语as……aspossible的用法。55.ForChinesechildren, asecondlanguageinschool.在校期间,中国孩子多学一门语言是非常重要的。(be)【答案】itisveryimportanttolearn【知识点】汉译英【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少“学习”“非常重要”。important,形容词,重要的,固定搭配It'sveryimportanttodosth.做某事是非常重要的;learn,动词,学习;因此此句可以翻译为ForChinesechildren,itisveryimportanttolearnasecondlanguageinschool.故填itisveryimportanttolearn。【点评】考查汉译英。首先根据中英文对照确定缺少的汉语,然后匹配相应的英语,根据语法规则调整句子结构。七、短文写作。(共15分)56."双减"政策(double-reductionpolicy)实施后,你们学校开展了丰富多彩的课外活动。假设你是李华,请给你的美国笔友Tom写一封信,谈谈你参加课外活动的情况。内容包括:1)介绍你们学校开展的课外活动;2)叙述你的一次课外活动经历;3)说说你的体会。n要求:1)语言通顺,意思连贯,书写规范。文中不得出现真实的学校名称和人名;2)词数:80词左右(书信开头已给出,不计入总词数)。DearTom,How'sitgoing?Letmetellyousomethingaboutourafter-schoolactivities.……Yourfriend,LiHua【答案】DearTom,How'sitgoing?Letmetellyousomethingaboutourafter-schoolactivities.Thereareover20students'clubsinourschool.Thereareartclubs,basketballclubs,calligraphyclubs,etc.Iaminthebasketballandchessclubs.WeoftenhaveabasketballmatchonFriday.Aftereverygame,weareverytiredbutexcited.Theactivitiesnotonlybuildupmybodyandmindbutalsoprovideaperfectplatformandrichchoicesformyfuturedevelopment.Besides,theyalsofreemefromtheheavyworkofstudy.Yourfriend,LiHua【知识点】提纲作文【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文。要求以李华的名义给美国笔友Tom写一封信,告诉他“双减”政策后参加课外活动的情况。内容包括三部分,首先要介绍学校开展课外活动的情况,可以介绍开展课外活动的时间以及课外活动种类;然后介绍自己参加课外活动的经历;最后谈一下自己参加课外活动的体会。【点评】考查提纲作文。所给例文用“Thereareover20students'clubsinourschool.Thereareartclubs,basketballclubs,calligraphyclubs,etc.”简要介绍了课外活动团体的数量以及种类,然后过渡到介绍自己参加课外活动的经历,用“beinthebasketballandchessclubs”结构介绍了自己参加了哪些俱乐部,“tiredbutexcited”起到了画龙点睛的作用,形象的表达在自己的感受,最后用“notonly……butalso……”结构阐述了自己的看法。全文布局结构清晰,用词准确,语言精确。
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