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Unit4learningaboutlanguageWildlifeprotection,decrease减少increase增加Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasedfrom210to160thisyear.Thepricewheathasdecreasedby15%.Thisspeciesofbirdisdecreasinginnumbereveryyear.,2.asaresult结果，因此.做状语Heatesomebadfish.Asaresult,hefellill.asaresultof由于……的原因后接名词/动名词/what引导的宾语从句Asaresultofwhathesaid,hismothergotveryangry.Hefellfromthehorse.Asaresult,hewasunabletogotoworkthenextday.=Hewasunabletoworkthenextdayastheresultofthefallfromhishorse.,6.asaresult…asaresultof…Thedambrokeand___________thelandwasflooded.Hefailedintheexam_____________beingcareless.asaresultasaresultof3.endangerv.使……遭受危害endangeredadj.濒危的dangerousadj.具有危险性的dangern.危险,Smokingendangersyourhealth.beindanger处于危险之中beoutofdanger脱离危险Thepatientisindanger.beindangerof处于……的危险中Shewassickandindangerof(losingherlife).help…outofdangerbeadangerto…(us)Theyareindanger./Theyareendangered.他们处在危险当中。Theyaredangerous.他们(对别人)危险.,4.dieout灭亡；灭绝Manyanimalshavediedoutinthepast.Manyoldcustomsaredyingout.dieaway声音，风，光等渐渐消失Hehidbehindthedooruntilthefootstepshaddiedaway.dieoff一群生物相继死去Ashegrewolder,hisrelativesalldiedoff.diedown物质特性或情感变弱，逐渐平息Whentheexcitementhaddieddown,theshoppersreopenedtheirshops.,5.lossn.损失；遗失；丧失；败北Hereportedthelossofhiswallettothepolice.Hesufferedalossof10,000dollarsonthebusiness.Ourteamhasalreadyhad3losses.belostin沉迷于，埋首ataloss困惑，不知所措--Hewasatalosswhattosaytotheteacher’squestion.--Obviouslyhewaslostinthoughtjustnow.,6.reserve---reservation--预约Wemustreservetwoseatsontheplane.我们必须预定两个飞机座位。(2)保留，存储Youhadbetterreservethemoneyforfutureneed.你最好保留那笔钱以供将来之需。Imustkeepagoodreserveofenergyfortomorrow’sexam.(3)保护区Wewatchedthelionsinthenaturereserve.,7.hunt---hunting---huntergohuntinghuntfor寻找ahuntingdogHeishuntingforajob.Thedogsarehuntingforthebones.,8.beingleftinpeaceleave(thetigers)inpeaceleave+O.+OC.leave+O.+N.(leavehimanorphan)leave+O.+adj.(leavethewindowopen)leave+O.+adv.(leavethelighton)leave+O.+doing(leavehimshoutingintherain)leave+O.+done(leavetheillnessuntreated),9.inpeace与atpeace的区别inpeace“处于清静或安谧状态,不被打搅”atpeace“休战，熄争，和睦相处”Iwishyou’dleavemeinpeace–I’vegotworktodo.Thetwocountriesareatpeace.inpeaceatpeaceOnthewhole,theworldnowis________.Generallyspeaking,peopleallovertheworldnowlive______________.atpeaceinpeace,10.Daisyhadalwayslongedtohelpendangeredspeciesofwildlife.longtodosth.longforsth.渴望We’relongingforpeace.Helongedtoseeher.Welongedforthesummertobeoversoon.,11.Beneathourstomachs(复数）Ihaveapaininmystomach=Ihaveastomachache.我肚子痛。Ihavenostomachforthisheavyfood.(胃口）haveastomachfor对……有胃口onafullstomach吃饱时onanemptystomach空腹时turnone’sstomach想呕吐,12.turnaround转过去，围绕……旋转Theearthturnsaroundthesun.turnon/off打开/关掉turnup/down开大/减弱turnto向……求助turnagainst反对turnover翻转，考虑turnaway解雇turnback折回,13.inreliefWhentheheadmasterwalkedoutoftheclassroom,thestudentswereinrelief.toone’srelief使某人感到宽慰的是Muchtoourrelief,herinjurieswereonlyslight.14.burstintolaughterSheburstintotears.Heburstintotheroomwithoutknocking.Theaircraftburstintoflames.,15.That’sbetter,butI’dliketohelpastheWWFsuggests.Themonitorsuggestedavisittothathillthisweek.Themonitorsuggestedvisitingthathillthisweek.Themonitorsuggestedwe(should)visitthathillthisweek.Theexpertssuggestedtothegovernmentseveralpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewasgladtohelp.,16.protect……from保护……免受……危害Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.Theheavycoatcanprotectmefrom/againstcold.Wemustdosomethingtoprotectthetreesfrombeingcutdown.阻止某人干某事keepsb.fromdoingsth.stopsb.fromdoingsth.preventsb.fromdoingsth.Theschoolstoppedthestudentsfromplayingcomputergames.,17.affect—effect—effectiveaffectsth./sb.=haveaneffectonsth./sb.对……有影响Asuddenchangeinweathermayaffectyourhealth.Themedicinehasaneffectonme.,降雨量直接影响庄稼的生长。他们的观点不会影响我的决定。Theamountofrainaffectsthecrops.Theiropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.生效；开始实施实际上comeintoeffect开始起作用；见效ineffecttakeeffectTheoldman’swords______________me,andIalwaysrememberwhathesaid.Lucysaidsheleftherhomeworkathome,_______shedidn’tfinishit.Themedicine_____________inonehourafteryoutakeit.Thisnewteachingsystemofourschool_____________nextmonth.hadaneffectonineffecttakeseffectwillcomeintoeffect,18.payattentiontoYouspeakEnglishverywell,butyou’dbetter____________________yourwrittenEnglish.PleasepayattentiontowhatI’msaying.paymoreattentionto,19.appreciate感激；鉴赏；意识到Iappreciateyourhelp.Hergiftformusicwasnotappreciated.I’mafraidyouhaven’tappreciatedtheproblemofthematter.appreciate+doingIappreciatedbeinginvitedtotheparty.appreciateit+if引导的从句I’llappreciateitifyoucanhelpuswiththework.,20.Norainforest,noanimals,nodrugs.没有热带雨林，就没有动物，也没有药物。Nopains,nogains.Nothingventure,nothinggain.不入虎穴焉得虎子。Nothingseek,nothingfind无求则无获。,现在进行时被动语态的构成：,现在进行时的被动语态有肯定式、否定式、一般疑问式及特殊疑问式四种结构，现分述如下：1.肯定式：由“主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词”构成,其中的am/is/are及being均是助动词，无任何词汇意义。Anewhouseisbeingbuiltoverthere.Theyarebeingtrainedatthecenter.,2.否定式：由"主语+am/is/are+not+being+过去分词"构成。Thequestionisnotbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Iamnotbeinghelpedatpresent.,3.一般疑问式及其回答由“Am/Is/Are+主语+being+过分？”构成，答语一般采用简略式，使用助动词am,is或are。1)—Isthecarbeingrepaired?—Yes,itis./No,itisn't.2)—Aretheybeingtreatedbythedoctors?—Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.,特殊疑问式及其回答主要有三种句式，回答时，不能使用yes或no，而应根据实际情况回答。a:疑问词（作主语）＋is/are+being+过去分词？—Whatisbeingdoneoverthere?—Anewlakeisbeingbuilt.,特殊疑问式及其回答主要有三种句式，回答时，不能使用yes或no，而应根据实际情况回答。b:疑问词（作定语）＋主语＋is/are+being+过去分词？—Howmanyapplesarebeingshipped?—Onehundredtons.,特殊疑问式及其回答主要有三种句式，回答时，不能使用yes或no，而应根据实际情况回答。c:疑问词+is/are+主语+being+过去分词?—Wherearethemachinesbeingrepaired?—Inthefactory.,现在进行时被动语态的用法,1.表现正在进行或发生的被动动作，常与now,look等词连用。Heisbeingoperatedoninthehospital.Helicoptersarebeingsent(byus)torescuethemnow.,2.表示现阶段或目前这段时间正在进行的被动动作，但这一被动动作在此时此刻不一定正在发生。Anewfactoryisbeingbuilt.TheyarebeingtaughtEnglishatpresent.,3.表示一种经常性或习惯性的被动行为，常与always,forever,continually,constantly等词连用，往往带有夸张、羡慕、赞扬、责备、厌烦及埋怨等感情色彩。Thenaughtyboyisalwaysbeingscoldedbyhisfather.Tomisalwaysbeingpraisedbytheteacher.,4．与情态动词连用，表示对现在正在发生的被动行为的推测。Johnisnothere.Hemustbebeinginterviewed(2)—Doyouknowwhatsmithisdoing?—Heisill.Hemaybebeingexaminedbythedoctor.,1.注意助动词的运用。现在进行时的被动语态有两个助动词，一是助动词be的相应形式，为现在进行时的助动词；二是助动词being，为被动语态的助动词，这两个助动词缺一不可，并且不可颠倒顺序。这些动物目前正被放了出来。Theanimalsarebeingsetfreeatpresent.注意,2.注意短语动语后面的介词不可漏掉。有些动词短语如takecareof,lookafter,talkabout等，用于被动结构时，后面的介词不可漏掉。Thebabyisbeingtakengoodcareof.,3.注意动词的性质。有些动词，通常是不及物动词即表示某种情况或状态动词，如：appear,rise,die,happen,occur,lie,belongto,breakout,takeplace,fit,mean,become,fail,consistof,looklike及cost等不可用于被动语态。,4.注意时间状语及上下文的含义。现在进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用。,Istilldon’tknowwhat___whileIwasaway.A.hashappenedB.washappenedC.happenedD.hadhappened,2.Thebridgewhich___lastyear___reallybeautiful.A.wasbuilt;looksB.wasbuilding;looksC.wasbuilt;islookedD.wasbuilding;islooked,3.Themanagertoldmethathe___in1975.A.hasbornB.bornC.wasbornD.hadborn,4.Thecamerayou___now___tome.A.use;isbelongedB.areusing;isbelongedC.use;isbelongingD.areusing;belongs,5.I___thatthey___anewmachine.A.wastold;weredesigningB.told;weredesigningC.wastold;designingD.told;haddesigned,完成下面的句子。1.Thenews____________(被讨论)abouteverywhere.isbeingtalked,2.Alotoftallbuildings___________(建立),andpeoplewillmoveinnextyear.arebeingset,3.Mostofthestreetsinthecityhasbeenwidenedandmanynewbuildings_______________.(重建)arebeingrebuilt
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