资料简介
Unit3usinglanguageComputers,ImportantVocabularycalculate,calculator,PC,notebook,common,analytical,simple,simple-minded,technology,technological,revolution,universal,mathematical,artificialintelligence,anyway,totally,network,truly,race,birth,IT,advantage,disadvantage,type,disagree,choice,material,personally,create,coach,move,arise,brain,mop,wanderincommon,inone’sopinion,goby,so…that,dealwith,humanrace,inaway,makeup,afterall,withthehelpof,watchover,ListentoaconversationaboutdifferentkindsofinformationtechnologyorIT.Payattentiontotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachone.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.,Trytousethefollowingexpressionsinyourdiscussion.Theadvantage/disadvantageis…Idon’tlikethisonebecause…Whatisyourreason?Inmyopinion…Ibelievethat…I’vedecided…Ithinkthisoneisbetterbecause…Let’smakeourdecision.,LM:WhatareyoudoingDave?D:I’mreadingaboutinformationtechnology.LM:Youmeanthingslikecomputers?Inmyopinionthey’resoboringtoreadabout.They’reonlygoodtouse.D:Butthey’rejustonekindofIT.LM:Really?SowhatelseispartofIT?ListeningtextLiMing=LMDave=D,D:We’vehadITforalongtime.Books,radiosandTVsarealsokindsofIT.LM:Oh.Ineverthoughtofthatbefore.Booksareawonderfulwayforustogetinformation.,D:Yeah,Ibelievethattoo.Theyarecheapandeasytotakewithyoubutsometimestheinformationisoutofdate.LM:Iagree.Theworldischangingsofast.Butinmyopinionlisteningtosportsontheradioisbetterthananythingelse.SometimesIalsolistentoEnglishprogrammesontheradio.Buttheyspeaksofastandsometimesit’sdifficulttounderstandeverything.,D:Yes.IalsolistentoEnglishontheradiobutit’seasiertofollowonTVbecauseyoucanalsoseewhatisgoingon.SometimesitismoreinterestingtowatchsportsonTVthanjustlistentothemontheradio.,LM:Idisagreebecauseyougetsuchalotofinformationonthetechnicalaspectsofagameontheradio.Youdon’tgetthatonTV.ButIstillthinkthatthecomputeristhebestkindofIT.Youcanwatchafilmonit,writetofriends,getinformation,andfindoutwhatisgoingonintheworld.,D:Iknow,butitisalsothemostexpensiveanditistoobigtocarrywithyoueverywhere.AlsotheInternethasnobodytocheckwhetherthaninformationyoufindthereiscorrect.Soyouhavetobecareful.LM:Well,IsupposeallkindsofIThavebothdisadvantagesandadvantages.,TypeofITAdvantagesDisadvantagesTVWebRadioBookYoucanbothlistenandwatch.Youcanfindinformation.YoucanlistentoEnglish.Youcangetinformation.Youcannotwritetofriends.Itisveryexpensive.Youcannotwatchafilm.Sometimesitisoutofdate.,Reading&Speaking,Reading,WhatdoesAndylooklike?Andylookslikeahuman.Thinkaboutthefollowingquestions.,2.Whatcanitdo?Itisdesignedtoplayfootballgamesandcanmoveandthinklikeahuman.,3.WhatpartdoesAndyplayinthefootballteam?He’sastriker.,1.advantagesn.优点;优势;有利条件Thereareseveraladvantagesincitylife.takeadvantageof利用betoyouradvantage对……有利disadvantagen.缺点,劣势;不利条件Languagepoints,2.type1)n.类型Thisisanewtypeofmachine,withlotsofmetersonit.2)v.打字Willyoupleasetypethisletterforme?type:表示各项事物在本类中都是典型的。kind:特指在分类中能放在一起的性质相同相似的一类事物。,3.disagree(vi)常与with连用(食物,天气等)不适合Muttondisagreeswithme.不同意;意见不同Idisagreewithyouaboutthis.不一致;不符Hisreportdisagreeswiththefact.,4.personallyadv.就自己而言;就我个人来说Shedidn’tliketheplan,butpersonallyIseenothingwrongwithit.person(n)--personal(adj.)--personally(adv.),5.ina/oneway在某种程度上,从某种意义上说Inaway,hisEnglishhasimproved.inthewayonthe/one’sway(to)在去……的路上bytheway顺便提一下innoway决不alltheway自始自终;完全地inthisway用这种方法,与inaway同义的词组有inoneway和insomeways。容易与之混淆的词组是intheway意为“造成阻碍”，请比较：Inaway,Ilikethisnewtextbookverymuch．I’mafraidyourbikeisintheway．,Soyoumadeitafterall!Afterall,whatdoesitmatter?6.afterall毕竟;到底;终究1)有“别忘了”的意思2)放在句末,“虽然有前面说过的话”或“与预料中的情况相反”的意思,aboveall首先;最重要的是atall根本(用于加强语气)用于否定句,疑问句和表示条件的从句firstofall首先inall总共;总计Sheshouldhaveofferedtopay—she’samillionaire,afterall．,7.withthehelpof在……的帮助下Withthehelpoftheteacher,IhavemaderapidprogressinmyEnglishstudy.,8.watchover看守;监视;照看Theywerewatchedoverbythreepolicemen.watchout(for)当心;注意undertheclosewatch在严密的监视下watchforsb./sth.观察等待keepawatchon监视,Speaking,Insmallgroups,discusshowtodesignyourownandroid.Thefollowingquestionscanhelpyou.1.Whatwouldyoulikeittolooklike?2.Whataresomeofthethingsyouwouldlikeittodo?3.Doyouwantittobelikeamanorawoman,orneither?4.Howmuchwoulditcost?,Ithinkthat…Inmyopinion…Ibelievethat…What’syourreason?Ihaddecidedthat…,A:Whatkindofrobothaveyoudecidedtomake?B:I'vedecidedthatweshouldhaveahomeworkandroid.Itcoulddoallourworkafterclassandleaveusmoretimetodofootball．Sampledialogue:,B:Inmyopinion,itshouldhavefourarmstocarrythebooks,alargeheadtorememberallthelessonsandaprintertowriteouttheanswers．Whatdoyouthink?A:OK.Butwhatdoyouthinkitshouldlooklike?,A:Well,thatsoundssensible.Perhapsitcouldalsoputalltheexercisesintospeciallymarkedboxesforeachsubjectsowecouldfindthemquickly.Whataboutputtingthatinitsstomacharea?B:Doyouwantittobeamanorawoman?Youcanchoose．,A:I'vedecideditshouldbeagirl．B:What'syourreason?A:Girlsaresohard-working．B:Soundsgoodtome!Let'sdrawitnow!,Speaking&Writing,SharingWhatisacomputer?,Aprogrammablemachine.Thetwoprincipalcharacteristicsofacomputerare:Itrespondstoaspecificsetofinstructionsinawell-definedmanner.Itcanexecuteaprerecordedlistofinstructions(aprogram).,Moderncomputersareelectronicanddigital.Theactualmachinery--wires,transistors,andcircuits--iscalledhardware;theinstructionsanddataarecalledsoftware.,Allgeneral-purposecomputersrequirethefollowinghardwarecomponents:memory:Enablesacomputertostore,atleasttemporarily,dataandprograms.massstoragedevice:Allowsacomputertopermanentlyretainlargeamountsofdata.Commonmassstoragedevicesincludediskdrivesandtapedrives.,inputdevice:Usuallyakeyboardandmouse,theinputdeviceistheconduitthroughwhichdataandinstructionsenteracomputer.outputdevice:Adisplayscreen,printer,orotherdevicethatletsyouseewhatthecomputerhasaccomplished.centralprocessingunit(CPU):Theheartofthecomputer,thisisthecomponentthatactuallyexecutesinstructions.,Inadditiontothesecomponents,manyothersmakeitpossibleforthebasiccomponentstoworktogetherefficiently.Forexample,everycomputerrequiresabusthattransmitsdatafromonepartofthecomputertoanother.,Computerscanbegenerallyclassifiedbysizeandpowerasfollows,thoughthereisconsiderableoverlap:,personalcomputer:Asmall,single-usercomputerbasedonamicroprocessor.Inadditiontothemicroprocessor,apersonalcomputerhasakeyboardforenteringdata,amonitorfordisplayinginformation,andastoragedeviceforsavingdata.,workstation:Apowerful,single-usercomputer.Aworkstationislikeapersonalcomputer,butithasamorepowerfulmicroprocessorandahigher-qualitymonitor.minicomputer:Amulti-usercomputercapableofsupportingfrom10tohundredsofuserssimultaneously.,mainframe:Apowerfulmulti-usercomputercapableofsupportingmanyhundredsorthousandsofuserssimultaneously.supercomputer:Anextremelyfastcomputerthatcanperformhundredsofmillionsofinstructionspersecond.,什么是计算机？ 一个可编制程序的机器。计算机的二种主要特性是:它响应一个具体的指令为一个明确定义的方式.现代计算机是电子和数字化的。现有机器--电线，晶体管和电路--被称为硬件；指令和数据被称为软件。 所有通用计算机要求以下硬件元件:物理内存：使计算机,至少临时地,存放数据和节目。,一个可编制程序的机器。计算机的二种大容量存储器设备:允许计算机永久地保存很多数据。大容量存储器设备普遍包括驱动器和磁盘驱动器。 输入设备:通常是键盘鼠标,输入设备是数据和指令进入计算机的途径。 输出设备:显示器、打印机,或其他可以让您看到计算机完成了什么的设备。中央处理单元(CPU):计算机的心脏部分，是实际上执行指令的部件。,除了这些部件,使得许多其他的基本部件一起实现高效率地工作成为可能。例如,要求一个巴士传送一个计算机上的一部分数据到另外的巴士上去.电脑根据体积和重量大致分类如下,虽然有有可能的交叉：个人计算机（PC机）:一个小的、单用户的电脑微处理器.除微处理器之外,一台个人计算机有一个键盘用来输入数据,一个显示器用来显示信息,还有存贮设备用来保存数据。,工作站:一个强大的、单用户计算机.就是一台个人计算机,但它有个更强大的微处理器和更优质的显示器。·小型机:多用户电脑，可支持10到上百用户同步.·主机:一个强大的多用户电脑，可支持多用户或成百上千的用户同步.·大型机:一个非常快的计算机，能每秒响应亿万个指令.,Discusstogetherandthendecidewhichkindofcomputeryouwouldliketobuyforyourschool.Discussion,A:Lookatthiscomputer.Ithasbeengivenasmallermonitor.B:That’sgoodbecausewecanthenhavemorecomputersintheschool.DoesithavetheInternetaswell?Sampledialogue:,A:Youcanhaveitfittedbutitisnotincludedintheprice.Nowlookatthisone.Bothasmallmonitorandaflatscreenhavebeenincluded.ItcanbejoinedtotheInternetstraightawayandithasbeengivenalargeharddisccapacity.That’sgoodofcourse.,B:Doyouthinkweshouldbuylaptopcomputersforourschool?Theyaremoreusefulbecausetheycanbemovedfromroomtoroom.Theschoolwouldnotneedtoprovideaspecialroomforcomputers.Theyarealsosmallerandcanbestoredawaymoreeasily.Buttheyhaveprovedtobemuchmoreexpensivethanapersonalcomputer.,A:Yes,thatiswhytheprincipaltoldmewecouldnotbuythem.Hewouldnotbeabletoaffordenoughfortheschoolsowehadbetterlookatthepersonalcomputers.Thisoneisveryfastandusesdiscswhichcanstoremoreinformation.Alsoitisneithertoolargenortooexpensive.,Let’sseewhatit’smadeof.Whyit’sperfect!It’smadefromrecycledmaterialssoourheadmasterwillbeverypleased.Hewillhavekilledtwobirdswithonestone!Theschoolwillhavenewcomputersandhavesavedtheearth’smaterialsaswell.B:Let’schoosethisone,OK?A:Ithinkitisagooddecision.,Writeareporttoyourschooltogiveyourviewout.Writing,Welookedatmanydifferentcomputers.TheonewehavechosenisthePEPpersonalcomputer.Oneofthemainreasonsisthatitissuitableforschools.Wefoundthatithasbeenbuiltwithasmallermonitorandaflatscreen.Wethinkthesethingswillsavespacesothattheschoolcanfindroomformorecomputers.Example,Thiscomputeralsohasbeenfittedwithanimproveddisc.Thestudentswillbeabletoputmoreinformationononedisc.Thiscomputerisalsogoodbecauseithasbeenmadefromrecycledmaterials.BothmypartnerandIsuggesttheschoolshouldbuythiscomputer.
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