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Period4 GrammarTeachingaims 1．Studentswillbeabletorecognizethe－ing/beingdoneformsandknowtheexactmeaningsofthem.2．Studentswillbeabletousethesetwoformscorrectly.Teachingprocedures Step1 RevisionAskstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionswithoutreferringtothetextbook.1．WhatdidClancywitnesswhenherandowntotheshore?2．WhydidClancyruninahurry?3．WhatdidOldTomdowhentheyheadedintothebay?4．WhatdidOldTomdoafterGeorgebeatthewater?5．WhatdidClancywitnesswhentheydrewnear?Suggestedanswers：1．Hesawawhalethrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashing_downagain.2．BecauseClancyhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlikebeing_kept_waiting.3．TheycouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat，showingthemtheway.4．Tomcircledbacktotheboat，leadingthemtothehuntagain.5．Hecouldseeawhalebeing_attackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.Next，askstudentstopayattentiontotheunderlinedwordsandleadintothegrammaritem—“v.－ing”/“beingdone”．Step2 Grammarlearning1．现在分词(－ing形式)的构成。v．－ing形式由“do＋ing”构成，其否定形式是“notdoing”，v.－ing可以带宾语或状语构成v．－ing短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。2．动词－ing形式的被动式分一般式和完成式：(1)一般式：表示这个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生。(2)完成式：强调这个被动的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。 语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式(not)doing(not)beingdone完成式(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone 3.动词－ing的被动式的句法功能。(1)作主语。如：So_being_killed_by_sharkswasacommonthing.(2)作宾语，用在介词后或需要带－ing形式作宾语的动词后。如：Georgedidn'tlikebeing_kept_waiting.Hewasterrifiedofbeing_abandoned_by_us.Doyouremember_having_been_takentoBeijingattheageoften?(3)作表语。如：Whatworriedthechildmostwashisnot_being_allowed_tovisithismotherinthehospital.(4)作定语。如：Theproblembeing_discussedisofgreatimportance.3,(5)作状语。如：Having_been_shown_aroundthelibrary，weweretakentoseethelab.(6)作补足语。如：Aswedrewcloser，Icouldseeawhalebeing_attackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.Whenweapproachedhim，IsawJamesbeing_held_upinthewaterbyOldTom.[注意](1)v.－ing形式的被动式主要在句子中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。但v.－ing形式的被动式的完成式，一般在句中作状语(偶尔作非限定定语)，不作其他成分。Theydon'tlikethe_design_of_the_new_bridge_being_built.(正在建造的桥的设计)Not_having_been_completed，themuseumcan'tbevisitedyet.(由于没有完工……)(2)v.－ing形式的被动式逻辑主语(即动作的承受者)如果也是主句的主语，就不需要表示出来，但是如果逻辑主语不是主句的主语，就得把v.－ing形式自己的主语表示出来。如：Thewholeclassroomhaving_been_cleaned，thestudentswenthomehappily.(3)在want，need，deserve，require，repay，bear，take等动词及形容词worth后，习惯用动词－ing的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“tobedone”。如：Thehousewants_cleaning.这房屋需要打扫。Mywatchneeds_repairing.我的手表需要修理。Thewaydeserves_mentioning.这个方法值得一提。Theseyoungtreeswillrequire_looking_aftercarefully.这些小树需要细心照顾。Thefilmisworth_seeing.这部影片值得一看。Step3 Exercises句型转换(改成带－ing形式被动结构的简单句)(1)Thehotelwhichisbeingbuiltnowbesidetheparkwasdesignedbyagroupofyoungmen.(2)Thelittlegirlwaseventuallyawarethatherparentsabandonedherinthemountainousvillage.(3)Hewouldcomeevenifwedon'tinvitehim.(without)(4)Afterhehadbeenexaminedseveraltimes，hewastoldtobehealthy.(5)Inoticedthatsomepeopleweretakentothepolicestation.Suggestedanswers：(1)Thehotelbeingbuiltnowbesidetheparkwasdesignedbyagroupofyoungmen.(2)Thelittlegirlwaseventuallyawareofbeingabandonedbyherparentsinthemountainousvillage.(3)Hewouldcomewithoutevenbeinginvited.(4)Afterhavingbeenexaminedseveraltimes，hewastoldtobehealthy.(5)Inoticedsomepeoplebeingtakentothepolicestation.Step4 DrillingAskstudentstodoExercise1onPage23andcheckwiththeirpartnersthenchecktogether.AskstudentstodoExercise2andchecktheanswerstogether.3,Keys：1.beingattacked 2.Beingheldup 3.Beingincluded 4.Havingbeenaccepted5．beingtold 6.Beinghelpedout 7.beingtaken 8.beingphotographed 9.beingswallowed.Step5 UsingstructuresShowstudentsthe6picturesonPage64andaskthemtodescribethemusingthepassive－ingforminpairs.Keys：1.beinginvited 2.beingkeptwaiting 3.beingattacked 4.beingawarded 5.beingshoutedat 6.beingblamedStep6 HomeworkFinishoffExercise2onPage64.3
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