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SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)Unit2I'llhelptocleanupthecityparks.,学习目标Keywords&phrases:raise;midnight;alone;bebusywith;raisemoneyforhomelesspeolple;forfun.Keysentences:1.Wedecidedtoputupsignsaroundtheschoolandhandoutnoticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.2.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodwaytospendourfreetime.3.Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.Tolearntheusageofphrasalverbsandinfinitives.,Warming-upWhatcanyouseeinthesepictures?,,Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Wecoulddosomethingtohelpthemandshowourlovetotheworld.helpchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.visittheoldinanoldpeople’shome.helpwatchthetraffic.giveouroldbooksto“HopeSchool”. …I’dliketoIhopetoIcouldIvolunteerto,FreetalkDoyouwanttobeavolunteer?Whatkindofvolunteerworkdoyouthinkyoucoulddo?,PresentationGrammarFocusI’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.,I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.I’dliketodoasksb.todovolunteer…todolearntododecidetodohelpsb.todomake…todoletsb.dohelpsb.do,4aputuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffFillintheblankswithphrasalverbsinthebox.1.Iwantto_______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto________atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.putoffcallupbebusywith...忙于，后接名词或代词if引导的宾语从句，if意为“是否”,3.Ourclassistryingto______________someideasto__________sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto_________signsaroundtheschooland__________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_________themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.comeupwithcheerupputupandoutgiveout,4bhelpmovedomakevisitspendFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_________lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_______forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando________others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.todotohelptomakebeworriedabout担心……,Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway__________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans_________sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear__________toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.tospendtovisittomove为……筹款,4cCompletethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.1.I’dliketovolunteer____________________________________________________.2.At12:00midnight,Icalledmyfriend____________________________________________________.3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp____________________________________________________.atthefoodbankandhelptogiveoutfoodtothehomelesstoaskhimanimportantquestiontocomeupwithsomeideasaboutthepartygames,4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant______________________________________________________.5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)______________________________________________________.tovisitmygrandparentsinthecountrysidenottodothat,becausetheythinkit'snotsafe,Grammar短语动词（Phrasalverbs）短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。语法概述,短语动词的类型和用法动词+介词相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语，且宾语只能位于介词之后。lookafter照顾lookat看carefor非常喜欢；照顾thinkabout考虑agreewith同意waitfor等待Iagreewithwhatyousaid.Hecaredforhermorethansherealized.,短语动词的类型和用法动词+副词①可看作及物动词，名词作宾语时，可位于动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作宾语时；只能位于动词与副词之间。②有的也可看作不及物动词。cheerup振奋起来cleanup打扫干净giveup放弃putoff推迟takeaway拿走fixup修理turndown调低；拒绝turnup出现；调高Thisisanewword.You’dbetterlookitupinthedictionary.It’stoonoisy.PleaseturndowntheTV.=It’stoonoisy.PleaseturntheTVdown.,短语动词的类型和用法动词+副词+介词相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词之后。catchupwith赶上comeupwith想出lookforwardto期望runoutof用完；耗尽Heworkedhardtocatchupwithhisclassmates.I’mlookingforwardtotheweekend.,短语动词的类型和用法动词+名词+介词相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后。makefunof取笑makeuseof利用payattentionto注意takecareof照顾makefriendswith与······交朋友It’simpolitetomakefunofyourclassmate.Wecouldmakebetteruseofourresources.,短语动词的类型和用法be+形容词+介词相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词之后。bedifferentfrom与······不同befamousfor因为······而出名bebusywith忙于······besimilarto与······相似Thegirlisafraidofdogs.Chinaisfamousforitslonghistory.,动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to可省略。它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。其否定形式为“notto+动词原形”。语法概述动词不定式,常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：想要拒绝忘记(want,refuse,forget)需要努力学习(need,try,learn)选择同意帮助(choose,agree,help)希望决定开始(hope/wish/expect,decide,begin/start)LilywantstofindajobasanEnglishteacherinBeijing.Hedecidedtohelpthehomeless.动词不定式作宾语动词不定式的用法,常接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask,tell,want,teach,wish,help,warn,invite,encourage等可以构成“...sb.(not)todosth.”结构的动词。Samaskedmetohelphim.Theteacheralwaystellsusnottoswimintheriver.动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式的用法,注意：在let,make,see,watch,hear,feel,notice,have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词,其不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”。let/make/have+sb.+dosth.e.g.Letthegirlleaveherenow.Theboymadethebabycry.see/watch/hear/notice/feel+sb.+dosth.e.g.Ioftenhearthegirlsinginthenextroom.,动词不定式的用法动词不定式作状语1）作目的状语。强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用inorderto或soasto+动词原形，soasto不用于句首。e.g.Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.2）作结果状语。e.g.Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.HisgrandmalivedtoseetheliberationofChina.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.,3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语e.g.I’mproudtohavetakenpartinthecompetitions.ShewassurprisedtoseehimTheyjumpedforjoytohearthenews．,动词不定式的用法动词不定式作主语时，通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用单数形式。Toknowoneselfisdifficult.人能自知，实属不易。动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，可以用it作形式主语，不定式做主语放在句末。It'sdifficulttolearnaforeignlanguage.,动词不定式的用法动词不定式作定语时通常要放在所修饰词之后。Whowasthefirstonetoarrive?Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?动词不定式作定语Mydutyistolookaftertheanimals.动词不定式作表语,Exercises一、单项选择。1.Ourschoolhas_____asignatthegate,saying“Greetyourchildwithasmile,notamobile.”A.putupB.putoffC.putonD.putin2.It’snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.You’dbetter_____.A.giveupitB.givethemupC.giveitupD.giveupthem3.MycousinvolunteersintheChildren’sHome.Hisjobisto____foodandclothes.A.selloutB.workoutC.handoutD.findoutCAC,4.—WillBobhelpmelookaftermypetdogwhenI’maway?—Ofcourse.Hewon’t_____yourrequest.Helovesanimalsalot.A.putdownB.writedownC.turndownD.takedown5.Johndidn’tgetthejobhewanted.Let’sgoand_____.A.turnhimdownB.callhimbackC.cheerhimupD.lethimdown6.Motherasksme_____Englisheverymorning.A.readB.toreadC.readingD.noreadCCB,7.Michaelvisitsmanywebsites_____aboutChineseculture.A.learnB.learnedC.tolearn8.—Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.—I’msorry,butmyfatherandIplanned_____Beijingalongtimeago.A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visited9.—Julia,yourmobilephoneisringing.—Waitaminute.It’sdangerous_____itwhilecrossingthestreet.A.answeringB.answerC.toanswerCCC,二、完成句子。1.他们帮助无家可归的人过上舒适的生活，帮助贫困的孩子上学。Theyhelped________________toliveacomfortablelifeandthepoorkidstogotoschool.2.每当我出门，我妈妈总是担心我的安全。WheneverIgoout,mymotherisalways______________mysafety.thehomelessworriedabout,3.我们已经制订一个计划来完成这项工作。Wehavemadeaplan_____________thework.4.学好英语不容易。Itisnoteasy____________Englishwell.5.我有点儿事要和你谈一谈。Ihavesomething___________withyou.tofinishtotalktolearn,HomeworkPreviewthenewwordsandphrasesinSectionB(1a-1e).Dotheexercisesinstudents’book.
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